Internal-combustion engine.



A. SCHMID. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

' APPLICATION FILED DEC. 19. I914.

INVENTOR I ,-Paten ted Jan. 30, 1917.

ALBERT SCHMIJD, STE. ADRESSE, FE, 01E.

rnrnnn'aL-coiunusrron enema.

T,2T3,i1l. p fi t n f Lett Patent Patented Jan. dtlt lwt t,

Application filed December 19, 191%. Serial No. 878,147.

To all whom it may concern: vanes or blades and an intermediate row of Be it known that l[, A BERT SoHMIn, a citifixed blades d. The rotary device is herein zen of the United States, and a resident of shown mounted on a spindle e which rotates Ste. Adresse, France, have invented certain in a casting f secured in the cylinder head.

5 new and useful Improvements in Internal- The motor for driving the rotary device is so Combustion Engines, of which the following indicated at g and may be of any suitable is a specification. type such as an electric'motor or a small This invention relates to internalcombusturbine driven by the exhaust gases from the tion engines of the kind in which liquid fuel engine or the like. The air inlet valve is inn (crude petroleum for example) is introdicated at/z and the oil inlet'valve at j. Air I duced direct into the cylinder or combustion after being admitted by the valve it flows into chamber. Two types of engines are now on a circular channel is in the casting 7 from the market using heavy, diflicultly inflamwhich it passes through a series of orifices Z mable oil; firstly the Diesel type in which and the blades of the rotary device a-into t5 the oil is injected or sprayed by'the aid of the cylinder. The orifices Z are preferably in air under pressure into thehighly comthe form of nozzles adapted to increase the pressed and heated air in the working cylinvelocity of the air passing through them. der, and secondly the Hornsby type in which Liquid fuel, after passing the valve j, flows the oil is pumped or injected into the cominto a second circular channel m surroundac bustion chamber which is kept at a high ing the first named channel is from which ten'lperature. Tn either type one or more channel it passes through a series of small pumps are necessary to give the required I orifices n and is entrained by the air flowing pressure to the oil or air, which complicate through the nozzles Zpast the fixed and movthe engine and increase its weight and cost. able blades 0, d and 6 into the cylinder. The 25 The use of such pumps is especially disadoil, in passing through the fixed and moving vantageous when the engine is to be used for blades, is mechanically broken up or pulverhigh speed (tractive) purposes. ized and, when the engine is running, vapor The object of the present invention .is to ized also due to the rotary device becoming provide an improved device by means of hot. In order to protect the rotary device a e which liquid fuel at a low pressure may be from the effects of the flame due to the commtroducedinto the cylinder without .the use bustion of the charge in the cylinder, a shield of compressed air and then mechanically or screen 10 is provided supported from the broken up or pulverized through the agency cylinder head by connecting pieces 9'. The of a rotary devicean'd intimately mixed with latter as Well as the shield or screen 37 are an air to forma combustible charge. Rotary preferably made hollow and communicate devices for introducing fuel are known, but with the water cooling jacket 25 of the engine. these rotary devices do not operate in the In the constructional form shown in Fig. same manner as the device of this invention. 2, the air for the cylinder is admitted The rotary device can be arranged at through an inlet valve 7 in the ordinary way at) various places within the engine cylinder, and then passes through openings 8 in the but preferably it is located in the head of rotary device 12 toward the innermost ring of the engine cylinder and is driven at a high moving blades through which and the respeed by a rotary motor such as an exhaust maining rows of fixed and moving blades it gas turbine or an electric or other rotary flows, carrying with it the liquid fuel which as motor located outside of the engine cylinder, enters the cyllnder from. a circular channel 1 mg into the cylinder. ence to Fig. 1. V In the two constructional forms of the in- In the form shown in Fig. 1, the motor 9' vention shown by way of example in the acfor driving the rotary device can be opor by a rotary device driven by the air flowm through orifices n as described with refer- 50 companying drawings, Figures 1 and 2 are erated as an air turbine which is actuated each a sectional elevation of the upper porby the air flowing into the cylinder during tion of the cylinder of an internal combusthe suction stroke. In this case the pipe tion engine embodying this invention. for this air is arranged as shown in dotted In Fig. 1 the rotary device is indicated at lines in Fig. 1. The motor can, however,

55 a and comprises two rows 2; and c of moving be omitted if desired provided that the 11 -bustion engine of verizing and intimately vmixlng fixed and moving blades 1), a, d are con structed like the fixed and moving blades of an impulse turbine so that the air flow ing through during the suction stroke will cause the moving element of the rotary device a to rotate.

The advantages of the improved device reside in the fact that no pumps-are required for sprayingor pulverlzing the oil admitted to the cylinder. Oil may be fed by gravity past the inlet valve or by a slight pressure in the oil tank in a, manner well understood. A further advantage resides in thefact that the pulverization and vaporization of the liquid fuel is brought about entirely by mechanical means having no reciprocating parts, which is of especial value for engines when used for high speed (tractive) purposes. The engine may be started and operated in the manner described in Patent No. 1,121,135 issued to me-on December'15,191 t in which case the air supplied to the cylinder may be mixed with a suitable proportion of light oil such as petrol or gasolene by passing it for example through a carbu reter, but in many cases it will be found that the engine may be started directly with heavy, diflicultly inflammable fuel by-actuating the rotary device with compressed air from a storage tank or by an electric motor supplied from a storage battery, or in some other convenient way, thus permitting the pulverization of the heavy fuel at starting. 7

I claim as my invention: 1. The combination in an means for introducing fuel into the cylinder, a rotary device positioned within the engine cylinder so as to receive said fuel and provided with alternate moving and stationary blades or fingers for mechanically breaking up. or -pulthe Same with air, and means for rotating said rotary device. V r

2. The combination in-an internal combustion engine of means for introducing fuel into the cylinder, a rotary device positioned within the engine cylinder so as to receive said fuel and provided with alternate moving and stationary blades or 'fingers' for mechanically breaking up or pulverizing the fuel and intimately mixing the same with air, and means outside of said eninternal com- I cally break up, inately mix said gine cylinder for rotating said rotary device.

3. The combination in an internal combustion engine of means or introducing liquid fuel into the cylinder, a rotary device positioned within the engine cylinder so as to receive said liquid fuel and provided with alternate moving and stationary blades or fingers for mechanically breaking up or pulverizing the liquid fuel and intimately mixing the same with air, and means outside of said engine cylinder and operatively connected with said rotary device for driving the same.

4. The combination in an internal combustion engine of means for introducing liquid fuel into the cylinder, a rotary device positioned within the engine cylinder so as to receive said liquid fuel and provided with alternate moving and stationary blades or fingers for mechanically breaking up or pulverizing the liquid fuel and intimately mixing the same with air, and means outside of said engine cylinder and axially alined with saidrotary device for operating the same. 1 i

5. The combination in an internal combustion engine of means for introducing liquid fuel into the cylinder, a rotary device positioned within the engine cylinder so as to receive said liquid fuel. and pro? vided with alternator moving and stationary blades or fingers for mechanically breaking up or pulv rizing the liquid fuel and intimately mix' g the same with air, means for rotating said'rotary device, and a water cooled. sh'ild within the engine cylinder for protecting said rotary device.

6. In combination in an internal combustion engine, means for introducing fuel into the engine cylinder during the suction strokes of the engine, anda rotary device provided with alternate moving and stationary blades and positioned within the engine cylinder so as to receive, mechan or pulverize, and intifuel with air during said suction strokes.

'In'testimony' whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this second day of December 1914.

ALBERT SCHMID.

Witnesses:

A. S. CACHEWAIILE, 

